My daughter Hailey free essay sample

The fetal stage, also known as prenatal development, is a stage of life that so uch can occur. Humans begin life as a single cell. There are multiple stages that have to happen in order to become a human. The first stage is known as the Germinal Stage. The Germinal Stage is from the conception to implantation which is from O to 2 weeks. This is the period when cell division occurs, the zygote reaches the uterus and begins to implant on the uterine wall. The process of implantation can take up to a week. Our next stage is the Embryonic Stage. This stage is from implantation till the end of the first two months. Some of the things that occur in this tage are, vital organs and bodily systems begin to develop from the embryonic disk. The nervous system, sensory organs, hair, outer skin, digestive and respiratory systems, liver and pancreas, bones, and muscles are all beginning to develop. We will write a custom essay sample on My daughter Hailey or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page At 7 weeks genetic activity on the Y chromosome causes testes to differtiate, meaning if there is no Y chromosome then ovaries will differentiate. Stage 3 is the fetal stage, which is from the third month until birth. There is so much that happens during this time. By the end of the second trimester I felt fetal movement, the eyes begin pening and closing, thumb sucking, and the pattern of sleep begins. By the end of the third trimester, the fetus typically weighing 6-71bs and around 20in long. The survival rate increases to 90% by the end of the 7 month of pregnancy. The exact moment of birth occurs when the fetus passes through the vagina and emerges from the mothers body. Pregnancy is a beautiful and amazing thing. Women undergo so many different symptoms and emotions. There are so many risk factors out there that its almost impossible to not worry. Its very crucial to maintain a well-balanced diet and to take he recommended vitamins. Some risks from not following these precautions are maternal malnutrition, which can lead to low birth weight, pre-maturity, retardation of the brain which can affect physical, cognitive, motor, and behavioral development problems. The risks of being too slender can cause low birth weight, and the risks of being too obese can cause stillbirth and neural tube defects. The expected weight gain is between 25-35 pounds. Typically gaining 1/21b per week during the first half, and 11b per week the second half. Drug use during pregnancy can also cause so many problems. From antibiotics, heroin, marijuana, caffeine, cigarettes, ect. All of those drugs can potentially cause birth defects and problems for the child. Some same. Some common things that occur are morning sickness, mood swings, stress, Braxton Hicks, swelling of legs and feet, gestational diabetes, and many more. Some of the issues I faced when carrying Hailey was morning sickness and pre-term labor. I was in the hospital four times for pre-term contractions, in which they had to stop the labor. Luckily, they were able to keep Hailey inside and I carried her full term until 39 weeks. The neonatal stage, the first 4 weeks of life. On August 13, 2011 at 10:47 am my daughter Hailey was born. This day I will never forget. Hailey was delivered vaginally and immediately birth had to be taken to get medical attention. When my water broke there was meconium inside. Meconium is a dark green substance which is forming of the infants first feces. The NICIJ doctor had to come in and examine her to make sure she didnt inhale or swallow any of the meconium, which can be extremely dangerous for newborns. After a few minutes and a quick clean off, they reported that she was okay. They finally handed her to me, and checked her Apgar scores. The Apgar score is based on five of health, appearance, pulse, grimace, activity level, and reparatory effort. Hailey scored a 9, which means there is no danger. Babies who score under a 4 indicates critical condition. The first few hours after birth Hailey and I shared some bonding time, where she was rested against my chest. Some develop mentalists believe that bonding will impact the long-term relationship. Later that evening the doctor came in and told us that she was pretty certain Hailey had newborn Jaundice. Newborn Jaundice, is when the babys blood contains an excess of ilirubin, a yellow-colored pigment of red blood cells. Its a common condition, and typically doesnt require any treatment, but for Hailey it did. Unfortunately we had a blood incompatibility which caused the Jaundice, so she had to spend a week in the hospital under the bilirubin lights. A week later we were finally able to bring Hailey home. The first night at home was a big change for everybody. Hailey was experiencing a whole new world aside from the womb. Since Hailey had to spend the first week of life in the hospital, 4 of which she had to be without us at night, we tried to make things as comfortable as possible. We spent most of the day and night holding and rocking her. She slept around 18 hours a day, which is typical for a newborn. As the weeks went on some of the physical development I noticed with Hailey was that she kept her hands clenched at her firsts, her eyes werent very coordinated yet, and she had established all the basic refluxes needed. Some of the cognitive development I noticed was she was always trying to look at her hands and fingers, trying to fgure out what they were. She loved hearing my voice, singing to her and talking to her gently, and whenever I put a toy close to her face and moved it very lowly she would gaze at it in amazement. Most of Haileys communication was through crying and occasionally other noises. Overall, the first month at home went fantastic. Hailey was formula fed and did very well with the bottle and developing a pattern of her nights and days. Between 1-4 months old Hailey started doing new things, which seemed like it occurred every day.

John Adams Essays - Adams Family, Conservatism In The United States

John Adams Essays - Adams Family, Conservatism In The United States John Adams John Quincy Adams was the only son of a president to become president. He had an impressive political background that began at the age of fourteen. He was an intelligent and industrious individual. He was a man of strong character and high principles. By all account, his presidency should have been a huge success, yet it wasn't. John Quincy Adams' presidency was frustrating and judged a failure because of the scandal, attached to his election, the pettiness of his political rivals, and his strong character. John Quincy Adams was born on July 1767, in Braintree Massachusetts. His parents were John and Abigail Adams. Quincy, had every advantage as a youngster. At the time of his birth, his father was an increasingly admired and prospering lawyer, and his mother Abigail Smith Adams, was the daughter of an esteemed minister, whose wife's family combined two prestigious and influential lines, the Nortons and the Quincys. Accompanying his father on diplomatic missions in Europe, young John Quincy Adams received a splendid education at private schools in Paris, Leiden, and Amsterdam, early developing his penchant for omnivorous reading. He was able to speak several languages. At the age of fourteen, he was asked to serve as secretary and translator to Francis Dana, the first US ambassador to Russia. Despite his age, young Adams was a valuable aid to the consul; he enjoyed Russia and the exposure to diplomatic circles. He later returned to the United States and attended Harvard. He graduated in two years and entered the law offices of Theophilus Parsons in Newburyport, Massachusetts. Passing the bar in 1790, he set up practice in Boston. In 1794 John began his long political career. George Washington appointed John Quincy Adams an Ambassador to the Netherlands. After his father was elected as the second president of the United States, he was reassigned to the post of minister to Prussia. He kept this post throughout his fathers term of office. After his fathers defeat to Thomas Jefferson he returned home. In 1802 he was elected to the Massachusetts senate, which sent him to the U. S senate the following year. He was also appointed to the Supreme Court, a membership he declined. President James Madison then appointed him to minister to Russia in 1809. He continued to serve his country and gained a well-respected reputation. Adding to his reputation was his brilliant and tough-minded performance as chief American peace commissioner in the negotiations at Gent that ended the War of 1812 and his effectiveness as minister to Great Britain during the last two years of the Madison administration. He continued to distinguish himself by negotiating a treaty with Spain. The Adams-Onis Treaty with Spain, concluded with Spain on February 22, 1819. Provided for the transfer of East and West Florida to the United States and the establishment of a border between Spanish and US territory running from the Gulf of Mexico to the Rocky Mountains and along the forty- second parallel to the Pacific ocean. Historians regard the treaty as a brilliant act of diplomacy, and Adams himself called its conclusion the most important event of my life. Many historians give credit to Adams for his contributions to the Monroe Doctrine. Adams also was the mind behind the Monroe Doctrine, which warned that the United States would oppose any European interference in the internal affairs of an American nation or further European colonization of territory in the Western Hemisphere. There was no doubt that Adams was a deserving candidate for the presidential election of 1824. He had held high diplomatic positions and displayed both aptitude and ability. He wanted to be President, but although Adams was the most distinguished member of the Monroe Cabinet, his successes were somewhat neutralized by his lack of friends and organizational backing He had also earned himself a reputation of being stubborn and unflexable. He had no problems speaking out against issues he felt were unjust. He also spoke out against his own political party. The son of a leading Federalist Party, Adams proved to be anything but a slavish devotee to that political cause. When he thought the party was in the wrong, he stood ready to oppose it. In fact, as

Law School Personal Statement

Law School Personal Statement Law School Personal Statement Law School Personal Statement Law School Admission Personal Essay has to be perfect in style, format and, of course, content. You want to be memorized by the admission committee, dont you? Therefore, you should provide comprehensive answers to admission essay questions. You should not copy anything from the internet! However, it does not mean that you cannot consult online resources for ideas, formatting tips, and general writing guidelines. In addition, there is an option of using professional essay writing services. Our writers can help you with any step of Law School Admission Essay writing. Below is the sample essay written by our writers on the topic of arbitration. This essay is not personal statement, though. We are open 24/7 and you can contact us at any time of day and night! Law School Personal Statement: Sample Arbitration and judicial settlement are closely allied; indeed the former is only a species of the latter, for an arbitrator is a judge, although he differs from the judge of a standing court of Justice in being chosen by the parties, and in the fact that his judicial functions end when he has decided the particular case for which he was appointed. The distinction is important, because a standing court is able to build up a judicial tradition and so to develop the law from case to case; it is, therefore, not only a means of settling disputes, but to some extent a means of preventing them from arising. But so far as the parties are concerned, they are as likely to get a satisfactory decision from a court of arbitration as from a court of justice, and there may even be special circumstances which make the former a preferable tribunal; for example, some special technical skill in the members of the court may be more important than a profound knowledge of law. Arbitrators and judges are alike bound to decide according to rules of law; neither possess a discretionary power to disregard the law and to decide according to their own ideas of what is fair and just. No doubt the parties, if they choose, may confer such a power on an arbitrator, or they may agree on special rules which he is to apply to the exclusion of the ordinary rules of law, but they may also confer a special power of this kind on a judge, as is expressly provided in Article 38 of the Statute of the International Court of Justice. It should be added, however, that this purely judicial character of an arbitrator's function is not always recognized; the continental view of it has been less strict than our own, and arbitrators have sometimes claimed and exercised a discretionary power to give what they regard as a just, rather than a strictly legal, decision. In practice also, courts of arbitration have not always in the past given the reasons on which their decisions were based, so that it is impossibl e to be sure what view they may have taken of their function. Arbitration was a fairly frequent method of settling international disputes in medieval times, but with the rise of the modern state system it fell into disuse until its revival in the nineteenth century, largely through the example of Great Britain and the United States in submitting the Alabama Claims to arbitration in 1871. Law School Personal Statement Writing Service Law school admission essay should be diligently written. You should be ready to devote at least a couple of days to writing law school personal statement. You should read it several times and proofread it for all possible mistakes. When using our professional personal essay statement writing service, you get a perfect admission essay written in full accordance to the requirements of admission committee: Read also: Example of a Term Paper Communism Paper Philosophy Term Buy a Term Paper Biology Term Paper APA Style Term Paper

Cost and benefits analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Cost and benefits analysis - Assignment Example Solving this problem, therefore, calls for massive water infrastructural development particularly in the rural areas in order to increase access to safe and clean water that will be fundamental in improving the quality of life among the Afghans. Bases on the above cost-benefit analysis, there is no doubt that the projects would be beneficial as they have multiple social benefits. However, given the limited resources and the fact that these projects are mutually exclusive, hence they these projects cannot be simultaneously undertaken. Therefore, acceptance of one project means forgoing the other two projects. For this reason, the investment project that maximizes on the social and economic benefits is selected, but taking into account the cost incurred in implementing the project. From the cost-benefit table (above), although costly compared to the other two, Building Sustainable Water Supply and Sanitation would more beneficial to the society. Unlike the other projects, the construction of Sustainable Water Supply and Sanitation in Afghanistan would increase access to quality and safe water, thereby preventing the occurrence of waterborne diseases. This investment project would directly benefit over 90 percent of the popula tion. Besides, the construction of Sustainable Water Supply and Sanitation in Afghanistan will reduce the need for medical care and also reduce to a significant decline in child mortality rate. Therefore, implementing this project would reduce the need for the other two proposed

Memo Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 13

Memo - Assignment Example 34). Generally, it is a set of hardware, software, people, policies and procedures essential in the creation, management, distribution, usage, storage and revocation of digital certificates as exchanged through unsecure channels such as the internet. The PKI provides an opportunity for a digital certificate, which makes it possible to identify an individual or an organization using the internet (Mjà ¸lsnes 104). Further, it is possible to store and at the same time revoke certificates given to individuals and organizations. There are still vendor services and approaches for the PKI, just as experts work on the internet standard for the same. The Wi-Fi Alliance (WPA), an intermediate measure meant to take place of WEP was implemented through upgraded firmware on wireless network interface cards, purposely designed for WEP (Doherty 137). However, because changes in the wireless access points (WPA) were more extensive compared to those needed on the network cards, it was impossible to upgrade most of the pre-2003 WAPs. The solution to this problem was the development of the WPA2. LoÃŒ pez, Javier, Pierangela Samarati, and Josep L. Ferrer.  Public Key Infrastructure: 4th European Pki Workshop : Theory and Practice, Europki 2007, Palma De Mallorca, Spain, June 28-30, 2007 : Proceedings. Berlin: Springer, 2007. Print. Mjà ¸lsnes, Stig F, S Mauw, and Sokratis K. Katsikas.  Public Key Infrastructure: 5th European Pki Workshop : Theory and Practice, Europki 2008, Trondheim, Norway, June 16-17, 2008 : Proceedings. Berlin: Springer, 2008.

High School Dropouts Essay Example for Free

High School Dropouts Essay In The Great Gatsby money is a symbol of success. Money controls the lives of the characters in the story, but it is easy to see that it could not bring happiness. Each of the characters thinks that having money will solve all of their problems and make them successful, but that is not true. These are a few examples of characters in the story who think that money is the answer to being successful, when it actually does not bring them true happiness. Daisy is a character who was born into a wealthy family, but she does not have any good values or purpose in her life. Her life is boring, so she tries to use her wealth to make her happy. She is a socialite, always goes to parties with her wealthy friends, and she wears clothes that are white with a lot of gold and silver. Even though she thinks that these things will make her happy, she is still bored and always wonders what she will do next. She has an affair with Gatsby even though she is married to a wealthy man, Tom, because she is bored. She does not value herself or anyone else. Her money has not made her a happy person even though everything she does is based on wealth. Gatsby has a lot of money. Even though he has a huge house, fancy cars and clothes, and has parties all the time, he is not really corrupted by the money. He does everything he does just to get Daisy and prove to her by his wealth that he is good enough for her. He thinks that all he has will get her to marry him, but he does not realize that Daisy will never leave her husband because he is so wealthy. Daisy’s husband Tom is very wealthy. He gambles, goes to horse and car races, and has many affairs. He has a mistress that he supports, but obviously not happy with his life. When he finds out that Daisy has been having an affair, he gets angry with her even though he is guilty of doing  the same thing. Daisy and Tom are not happy, their money and success have not made them happy, but daisy will not leave Tom because he is wealthy. In The Great Gatsby money is seen as a symbol of success by the characters. They have all of the clothes, cars, houses, and social events that they want and that money can buy. Despite all of this, they are unhappy, have no real values or friends, and no real purpose in life.

Writing an Essay :: Writing an Essay

How to Write an Excellent Essay Excellent essays get results. A well-written essay can earn you a scholarship or entrance into your favorite college. Many essays win contests and prizes and encourage others to live better lives. Well written essays turn the hearts of the people. Early America was motivated to fight for freedom from England because of the writings of Thomas Paine, Benjamin Franklin, and Thomas Jefferson. Your well-written essays might be printed in newspapers and make a positive impact in the lives of others. You can change cold hearts and encourage fellow believers by your written words. To write a good essay, one must have a particular point to make. A well-written essay includes an interesting point to ponder in the introduction, an assortment of solid facts to emphasize the point in the body, and a strong summation in the conclusion. If you are writing for a contest or scholarship, then the topic suggestions may be given to you. If you are practicing writing essays and you cannot come up with a topic, try writing emotional statements. Here are some ideas: I hate abortion! Income tax is against the Constitution! There is NO speparation of church and state in the Bill of Rights! Israel has the right to defend itself from terrorism.... etc. Start your essay with a grabber statement, quote or question. Be sure that you hook your reader’s attention. Expound on your opinion or your concern with a few sentences explaining your point of view. The next part of your essay needs to have clean clear facts to back up your powerful point. Here is where you can quote other people. A good essay does not always have to be only about your own opinion. You will be more effective if you integrate other’s opinions or facts and data to back up your point of view. Try to give a few facts with a sentence or two to explain each fact with clear supporting points. Be sure to use good connecting phrases to connect your facts. For example, begin with your main point and why you are concerned. * Excellent Essays Get Results The need to write excellent essays is more important today than ever. Well-written essays can earn scholarships, change hearts and open doors once closed by bigotry and prejudice. Then start explaining your position by writing clear exact facts or well documented solutions to the problem.

Neolithic Revolution

The Neolithic Revolution is the single most important achievement in human history because it created civilization, developed agriculture, and new inventions were made to make life easier. Although some people may disagree with this statement, there is actual evidence that can prove it to be correct. During the time when early humans hunted and gathered, they would constantly have to move to different locations. This is because the animals that were hunted would die out and there would be nothing much to gather; this also caused starvation.When the unmans started using agriculture, they would produce their own food and that increased the populations; so bigger settlements started to form. Soon, there would be a whole civilization because there was a surplus amount of food that was grown. Also, the people that worked the farms came up with new and inventive inventions that would help them in their daily work; some of these inventions are still use today. When agriculture was first use d, some of the hunter gatherers had no choice to use it because food was scarce.However, when they did use it, they enjoyed it, causing hem to want to stay with the method. People started to build their own communities where cattle were raised and crops were grown. So much food was available that they did not have to worry about the starvation of the people. Since there weren't a lot of Jobs that needed to be completed (like hunt or gather) people lived a more peaceful life with agriculture to help supply their hunger needs. In my opinion, civilizations were created because agriculture brought people together and helped them live an easier life.Agriculture was so momentous that, I believe, human society wouldn't be where It Is today. During the Neolithic times, early humans needed to do hard laboring for long hours. So they were always trying to find a way to make It easier from them to do their Jobs. For example, In the Roots of the Western Tradition reading, when prepping the solo for the crops, the people would need to do that with a tool using their own hands. Until they found out that large animals could help do the Job twice as fast.Also In the reading, humans discovered more ways to use the animals Instead of for food; Like for clothes and for tools. These Inventions lead to more Intelligence In the communities, Like social classes and more Jobs for other people. Even though our time has advanced, people, Like farmers, still use a version of the tools that were created In 8000 B. C. The Neolithic Revolution Is a big debate whether It helped the human race or harmed It. Even though there are cons to the revolution, I believe that the pros are stronger than the negative affect that It left.The revolution lead to more excelled people and easier lives for everyone, who knows where the world would be today If agriculture was not created? Furthermore, I strongly believe that agriculture was one of the single most Important achievements In human history and ha t society today would not be the same without It. Neolithic Revolution By stairs wouldn't be where it is today. Hours. So they were always trying to find a way to make it easier from them to do their Jobs.For example, in the Roots of the Western Tradition reading, when prepping the soil for the crops, the people would need to do that with a tool using their own Also in the reading, humans discovered more ways to use the animals instead of for food; like for clothes and for tools. These inventions lead to more intelligence in the communities, like social classes and more Jobs for other people. Even though our mime has advanced, people, like farmers, still use a version of the tools that were created in 8000 B. C.The Neolithic Revolution is a big debate whether it helped the human race or harmed it. Even though there are cons to the revolution, I believe that the pros are stronger than the negative affect that it left. The revolution lead to more civilized people and easier lives for everyone, who knows where the world would be today if agriculture was not created? Furthermore, I strongly believe that agriculture was one of the single most important achievements in human history and that society today would not be the same without it. Neolithic Revolution While archaeologists are agreed on the implication of the Neolithic Revolution, it has not been so simple to determine exactly when food production began. In the first place, the classification of food production is dependent on our perceptive of domestication, an indefinite concept itself. Domestication can be distinct as the exploitation of plants and animals by humans in such a way as to cause some genetic, or morphological, change; more broadly, it is seen as a range of relationships between people, plants, and animals (Anne Birgitte Gebauer and T.Douglas Price , eds. , 1992). On one end of the range are morphologically domesticated plants like wheat, barley, peas, lentils, and bitter vetch. In these plants, changes brought concerning by artificially induced selective processes can be renowned by pale botanists studying the remains of seeds. Some morphologically domesticated plants, together with maize, dates, banana, and breadfruit, have been so altered that they are forever tie d to people, for they have lost their autonomous power of seed dispersal and germination.On the other end of the same range are plants that have been â€Å"domesticated† solely in terms of the growing space people offer for them. These plants, referred to as cultivated plants, are difficult if not viable to differentiate from wild plants, for their domestication is a matter of ecological rather than morphological change. In the middle range of the continuum lie all extents of domestication and cultivation. consequently, determining whether or not a past culture has cultivated plants often involves a fair amount of detective work.For example, the presence of seeds at Nahal Oren in Israel (ca. 18,000 B. C. ) of exactly the same cereal plants later domesticated indicates that certain plants might have been selected and cultivated at a very early date (Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza and Francesco Cavalli-Sforza, 1996). Determining the degree of animal domestication also entails some i nference and guesswork. As with plants, some animals (in the Near East, dogs, sheep, goats, cattle, and pigs) became hereditarily changed in time. But morphological changes did not take place for many generations, and in several instances they never took place at all. In these cases, paleozoologists should rely on other clues.The high percentage of gazelle bones in some early Neolithic sites, for illustration—three times more than any other species—probably indicates their â€Å"domestication† or at the very least their selective exploitation. In recent times the red deer, eland, and musk-ox have, for all realistic purposes, been domesticated perhaps in the same mode that the gazelle was in the early Neolithic. As with plants, some animal species are more easily cultivated than others. Studies on the herding behavior of animals suggest that definite species may be predated for domestication (Charles Heiser, 1990).The evolution from extensive dependence on gazell e to the domestication of sheep and goats may have resulted from the fact that sheep and goats utilize a wider range of foods, are added dependent on water supplies, and are better integrated into an inactive community. Because it is hard to determine the extent of domestication in past cultural systems, assigning agricultural status to a society is often a somewhat arbitrary decision that involves some ambiguity In short, there are extents of food production.Anthropologists and archaeologists can, though, agree on a working definition of food production. This definition posits two minimum requirements: first, there should be a reasonably competent level of food procurement (food acquired through direct production should amount to over half the community's dietary needs for part of the year); and second, both plant and animal domesticates are no longer bound to their natural habitat (that is, plants and animals can survive, with human assistance, in environments to which they are no t obviously adapted).The Neolithic Revolution was the result of the development of settled agriculture around 6,000 BC, which facilitated human beings for the first time to make nature grow what they wanted instead of living on what she reluctantly provided. The food surplus thus garnered supported a larger population—five or more times as large as from hunting and gathering—and permitted a small minority of them to specialize in other kinds of work, as craftsmen (especially of the new, highly finished stone tools which gave the modern name to the period), artists, warriors, priests, and rulers, and to construct the first towns and cities.The city (civis) gave its name to civilization, which formed the culture, the arts and crafts, the temples and palaces, and—it must be said—the weapons and fortifications, that have characterized history ever since. Principally, it created history itself: writing, invented for the purposes of management and ritual, had a s by-product the preservation, more consistent than oral tradition, of a record of events, and so entree to the past beyond human memory.The huge rise in the scale of organization stemming from this first revolt and the consequent growth in communal wealth and power created the first kingdoms and empires, and enabled them to grow, mainly by conquest, to ecumenical size. Over the next several millennia political entities as large as Sumeria, Egypt, China, Persia, and Rome and, by an independent and later improvement, the Inca and Aztec empires in the Western hemisphere governed stretches of the earth’s surface larger than most contemporary nation states.It was a mega-revolution in human society. Though it brought wealth and power to the few, it had venomous as well as beneficial effects for the many. Subsequent to the casual, care-free, imprudent life of hunting and gathering in humanity’s Eden, it symbolized for most a decline into heavy and continuous labor: ‘In the sweat of thy brow shalt thou eat bread. ’ It also meant yielding part of the excess food to the organizers and defenders of the community: to emend Marx, ‘All history is the history of the struggle for income.’ The prevailing elite, whether slave owners, tribute takers, or feudal lords, proscribed the scarce resource, the land, and so were able to take out ‘surplus value’ from the food producers and use it to ‘live like lords’ and inflate their span of command. The struggle for survival and conquest made combat the normal state of relations between neighboring communities. But there were benefits, in the inner peace which reigned for long periods within the borders, and the high culture, the arts of painting, sculpture, poetry, drama, music, and dance which could glee some of the people some of the time.Compared with pre-history, it was a life on a higher plane of subsistence. There were even professionals, officials, priests, docto rs, and lawyers, however they were for the most part subservient to the rich and influential, servants rather than masters (accept perhaps in the very few theocracies known to history). They were yet key players in the process. They invented, or set on a more enduring basis than oral tradition, all the arts and sciences: bureaucracy, organized religious conviction, philosophy, mathematics, astronomy, medicine, law. especially, the priests and bureaucrats invented writing, and so made history itself possible.That is why history begins with the cities of the Neolithic Revolution and not before. One other service was given by the European clergy, which made medieval Europe different from other civilizations and tiled the way for a further round of worldwide social change. as of the separation of church and state and the resultant equality of the Gelasian ‘two swords’, political control was never combined in Europe. A space was left between Empire and Papacy through which i ndependent thought, protest, and innovation could creep in and prevent the built-in stasis of most empires and theocracies.The Renaissance, the Reformation, the Scientific Revolution, and the Enlightenment, all found nutritious soil in which to grow, and independent thinkers, innovators and inventors could practice unregulated paths. Thus Europe, rather than some other area, became the origin of the next great social revolution. The earliest center of the Neolithic Revolution was southwestern Asia, more specifically the thousand miles between western Iran and Greece, including parts of what today are Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Israel, and the Anatolian plateau of Turkey (Wesley Cowan and Patty Jo Watson, eds. , 1992).From about 8900 B. C. , semi settled or semi permanent â€Å"protoneolithic† communities subsisted in northern Iraq, where the people de- pended in part on domesticated sheep for their survival. These settlements, with a typical population of 100 to 150, must not be seen as villages or protocities, since they were not occupied year-round and did not house the diversity of occupations and classes we associate with an urban economy. One instance of such a settlement was Jericho, which housed a protoneolithic community by 7800 B C (Kathleen Kenyon, 1994). Between 7000 and 6000 B. C. , â€Å"aceramic† (i. e., before pottery) Neolithic sites were occupied in parts of Iraq and Iran; several scholars see signs of this period as early as 8000 B. C (Daniel Zohary and Maria Hopf, 1994). Neolithic cultures with pottery existed at Catal Huyuk in Anatolia (Turkey) by 6800 B. C. and in Iran by 6500 B. C. By 5600 B. C. , Neolithic settlements with pottery subsisted in Greek Macedonia. The Neolithic means of life had its beginnings in the foothills of the Zagros Mountains and on the Anatolian plateau, where water from natural sources was passable and crops could be grown without recourse to artificial irrigation.By about 5500 B. C. , however, the se original settlements gave way to much better communities in the nearby alluvial plains on the banks of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. Here, crops could be grown in adequate quantities only under irrigation, and the early stages of the Neolithic were replaced by the completely different urban way of life linked with ancient cities. By about 6000 B. C. , the first stage of the Neolithic Revolution was combined in southwestern Asia, where small villages had become the customary way to organize populations.The crops and animals that had been domestic here in the fertile crescent spread to become the basis for the great river civilizations of the Nile in Egypt and the Indus in southern Asia. The rebellion also spread into Mediterranean Europe with little difficulty because of the similarities in climate and soil; between 6000 and 5000 B. C. , Greece and the southern Balkans shifted to an agrarian economy. By 4000 B. C. , agriculture was established in numerous areas around the Medit erranean. It took another millennium or two for Mediterranean crops and animals to widen successfully to northwestern Europe.The Neolithic method of life arrived in Britain, for example, no earlier than about 4700 B. C (Rodney Castleden, 1993). By that time, a different kind of Neolithic transformation had already begun to progress on the shores of the new bays and estuaries formed by the flooding that accompanied the end of the last ice age. As temperatures quickly rose to something approximating their present levels, the mile-thick ice melted and sea levels rose radically. Over a span of 2,000 years, almost half of Western Europe was immersed.Britain and Ireland became islands, cut off from the mainland by the recently formed English Channel and Irish Sea. The rising waters created frequent bays and estuaries along the new coastline, and these new ecosystems established to be rich sources of marine life for human consumption. Lured by the easy accessibility of new protein sources, Stone Age Europeans began to settle down in semi sedentary communities. Instead of staying continually on the move, they established base camps near the coast, from which they could endeavor forth to hunt large game when the fishing seasons were poor.A fairly similar change took place in newly created coastal areas of North America, including, for instance, on the shores of Chesapeake Bay. About three thousand years after agriculture began in Mesopotamia, that is, about 6000 B. C. , the Neolithic Revolution began independently in two other distant sites: along the Yellow River in China and in the tropical highlands of Mesoamerica. In China, several kinds of millet were reclaimed by 6000 B. C. , the first villages arose in the Yellow River area by 5500 B. C. , and rice was domesticated in the Yangtze area by 5000 B. C (Peter Rowley-Conwy, 1993).From China, the Neolithic culture spread to Korea, where it gradually became combined over four or five millennia from 6000 B. C. to about 2 000 B. C. In Japan, a foraging culture known as Jomon, which had succeeded from about 10,000 B. C. , gradually gave way to a wet rice culture in the southwest abruptly before the beginning of the Christian era and in the northeast a millennium later. As the Neolithic revolution took place in the so-called nuclear areas in western and Southeast Asia about ten thousand years ago or earlier, and later, independently, in central America.Although the Neolithic rebellion refers to a complex of several significant innovations, the two key evolutionary events to change human history were the domestication of animals and the cultivation of plants. From the centers of these modernizations, knowledge diffused out over the face of earth to most people (Robley Matthews, Douglas Anderson, Robert Chen, and Thompson Webb, 1990). While the cultivation of plants became established as the predominant way of life in the form of agriculture, an event typically accompanied by the domestication of animals , a diverse form of life emerged.The village became the unit of life. This is what sociologists and anthropologists believe being a major way of life in human history, in sharp contrast to modern, industrialized, urban, and complex society. Many names have been coined in order to refer to the customary, agricultural societies that filled most of our written history. By and large, sociologists and anthropologists concur as to the characteristics of agricultural society, and they use different names to explain the same thing.According to them, agricultural society is tradition-oriented; its people are controlled by informal sanctions such as rumor; social relationships are intimate and personal; there is modest division of labor, social structure is rigid with clear class differences; and people are ethnocentric and suspicious of outsiders (Richard MacNeish, 1992). The culture of such society might be described as relatively homogeneous, because the village is more or less self-relian t and excludes outsiders.In exceptional cases, there might be a racial or ethnic minority within or near the village. But because of rigid social distinctions mostly in the form of class differences, contact with them is relatively limited and is more formal, essentially in connection with trade and business transactions. Certainly, compared with the circumstances before the Neolithic revolution, cultural variation within society was likely to be greater and physical deviation as well, once there was the possibility for contact with other racial or ethnic groups.This meant, further, that the possibility for psychological difference became greater, compared with people before the Neolithic revolution. It is plausible that the observation of cultural variation as seen in class and occupational differences in the village as well as that of physical disparity in the form of racial or ethnic differences might have created a greater range of psychological responses among members of a vill age. But there was also a built-in mechanism to offset this in agricultural society.The strong pressure for conformity by means of informal sanctions based on confronting each other contact made psychological variation very difficult. Also, the firm structure of agricultural society kept the appearance of the feeling of relative deprivation, for example, to a minimum. while no possibility for achievement or change was visible, people were not likely to feel deprived, even when they saw the system as excessive. Thus, despite the probable for greater variations in physical, psychological, and cultural dimensions, life in agricultural society was comparatively homogeneous.The economy of peasant life is not productive, because land is typically limited, and, furthermore, land becomes increasingly limited as the population expands and the soil deteriorates. In interpersonal relationships, a peasant presumes that friendship, love, and affection are limited. As a result, a peasant must avo id showing excessive favor or friendship. Sibling rivalry is caused as even maternal love is limited. A husband is jealous of his son and angry with his wife for the similar reason. Health, too, is limited in extent.Blood is nonregenerative. Blood may be equated with semen, and the exercise of masculine vivacity are seen as a permanently debilitating act. Sexual moderation and the evasion of bloodletting are important. Even a woman's long hair may become a source of trepidation because she may lose her vigor and strength by having long hair. Honor and manliness, too, exist in inadequate quantities. Real or imagined insults to personal honor should be vigorously counterattacked because honor is limited, and a peasant cannot afford to lose it.While good things in the environment are assumed to be limited, and when personal gain can only take place at the expense of others, the maintenance of the status quo is the most sensible way to live, because to make economic development or to ac quire a disproportionate amount of good things is a threat to the stability of the community. Stability is sustained by an agreed-upon, socially acceptable, preferred norm of behavior, and sanctions and rewards are used to make certain that real behavior approximates the norm.As a consequence, there is a strong desire to look and act like everyone else and to be subtle in position and behavior. For the same reason, a peasant is reluctant to accept leadership roles. The ideal peasant strives for restraint and equality in his or her behavior. If a peasant should behave excessively, then gossip, slander, viciousness, character assassination, witchcraft or the threat of it, and even actual physical hostility is used by the rest of society against such a person.It is hard to say to what extent this generalization pertains to people after the Neolithic revolution and before the industrial revolution. In numerous agricultural societies, physical and cultural variations were likely to be si gnificantly greater than in hunter-gatherer societies. Yet if people were infatuated with the belief of â€Å"limited good† and thought and behaved like everyone else, their psychological deviations might not have been much greater than those amongst hunter-gatherers. Work Cited †¢ Anne Birgitte Gebauer and T.Douglas Price, eds. , Transitions to Agriculture in Prehistory, Monographs in World Archeology No. 4 ( Madison, Wisconsin: Prehistory Press, 1992). †¢ Charles Heiser, Seed to Civilization: The Story of Food ( Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1990). †¢ Daniel Zohary and Maria Hopf, Domestication of Plants in the Old World, second edition ( Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1994), Chapter 11, esp. pp. 238-239. †¢ Kathleen Kenyon, â€Å"Ancient Jericho,† in Ancient Cities: Scientific American Special Issue ( 1994), pp. 20-23.†¢ Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza and Francesco Cavalli-Sforza, The Great Human Diaspora: The History of Diversity and Evolution, trans. by Sarah Thorne ( Reading, Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley, 1995). †¢ Peter Rowley-Conwy, â€Å"Stone Age Hunter-Gatherers and Farmers in Europe,† in Goran Burenhult, ed. , People of the Stone Age: Hunter-Gatherers and Early Farmers ( New York: HarperCollins, 1993), pp. 59-75. †¢ Richard MacNeish, The Origins of Agriculture and Settled Life ( Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press, 1992).Chapter 1. p. 5. †¢ Robley Matthews, Douglas Anderson, Robert Chen, and Thompson Webb, â€Å"Global Climate and the Origins of Agriculture,† in Lucile Newman et al. , eds. , Hunger in History: Food Shortage, Poverty, and Deprivation ( Oxford: Blackwell, 1990), Chapter 2. †¢ Rodney Castleden, The Making of Stonehenge ( London and New York: Routledge, 1993), p. 29. †¢ Wesley Cowan and Patty Jo Watson, eds. , The Origins of Agriculture: An International Perspective ( Washington, D. C. : Smithsonian Institution Press, 1992)

Business Studies Essay

What does the nature of business mean ? Usually, when filling out some kind of form, â€Å"nature of business† refers to the type or general category of business or commerce you are describing. For example, if you worked at McDonald’s, the nature of your business is food services. â€Å"Nature of Business† means what type of business your are doing? like Wholesale, Retail or Service, Manufacturing, Marketing, etc. If you want more specific, then HBA wholesale, Car Service, Furniture manufacturing, health Drinks Marketing, etc. The nature of business, means what exactly your business is doing and what is the service/product you are offering. For example the nature of â€Å"Walmart† as a business is â€Å"Retail† and the nature of â€Å"Microsoft† is â€Å"Software. † Internal and External Influences on businesses The external environment includes those factors over which the business has little control, such as government policy, technology, economic conditions and social attitudes. The internal environment includes these factors over which the business has some degree of control, such as products, location, resources, management and business culture. External Influences on business  ·Economic  ·Financial  ·Markets  ·Competitive siuation Technological  ·Institutional  ·Political  ·Legal  ·Social  ·Geographic If you had a shop and everyone decided to go to another shop that would be an econmic disaster! If this continues for a month then the business would close, employees would be laid off, and landlords and suppliers will not be paid. Charasteristics of boom perios – Higer lever of employment -Inflation may increase – The level of spending by consumers increases as they have more confidence in the economy Characteristics of recessi on period – Unemployment levels rise – Inflation may remain stable or fall Wages are less likely to rise as employers – The level of spending usually decreases Internal influences on Business – Product – The types of good and services will affect the internal operations of a business, The product influence and the size of the business -Location -A good location is an asset and will lead to high levels of sales and profits and a bad location is a liability that adversely affects sales and products  ·Location Factors – Visibility, promixity to customers, promixity to suppliers and promiximity to support devices -Management- Resource management -Business culture Failure to SME failure  ·Failure to plan  ·lack of information  ·leaderhsip skills  ·inaccurate record keeping  ·new taxes  ·not enough sales  ·economic turndown  ·staff difficulties Success to SMEs  ·Entrepemtual abilities

Tartaros - A Place of Ultimate Punishment

Tartaros - A Place of Ultimate Punishment Free Online Research Papers Tartarus, also seen written as Tartaros, was not just believed (in Greek mythology) to have been a place of ultimate punishment, but also as one of the first Gods from which everything in the universe descended from. In ancient orphic sources Tartaros is also the unbounded first-existing â€Å"thing† from which the Light and the Cosmos is born. Before the time of the elder Titan gods and the Olympian gods, there were five primordial gods that emerged from the void of creation. First Chaos (the Goddess of Emptiness) transpired into the universe. From her arose Tartarus (Primeval God of Hell) and his siblings Gaea (mother Earth), Eros (God of love, desire and fertility), and Erebus (God of Primordial Darkness). Little is known of the deity state of Tartarus, but it is said that he was a dour and depressing being. With time he sank into oblivion, giving his name to the darkest and most cruel place of punishment. The location of Tartarus is described as being the lowest region within Earth, lying far beneath the disk of the world. It was a dank and wretched pit engulfed in murky gloom. In The Iliad, Zeus claims that Tartarus is â€Å"as far beneath Hades as heaven is high above the Earth.† Tartarus is a place so far from the sun and so deep in the earth that it is hemmed in by three layers of night, which surrounds a bronze wall in which Tartarus is encompassed. The Greek poet Hesiod claims that a bronze anvil falling from the heavens would fall nine days before it reached the Earth. The anvil would then take nine more days to fall from Earth to Tartarus. According to the Greeks, there were three places in which the soul could rest for eternity. There was the Elysian Fields, the resting place for the blessed, heroic and virtuous. Then there was Hades, a place for the souls of mortal sinners. And finally there was Tartarus. Tartarus was known as being the prison for defeated gods. It was also a place where the punishment fit the crime. The Titans, also known as the elder gods, were the first to rule the Earth. Kronos was the ruler of all the gods. Among him were Gaea (mother and wife of Kronos, their offspring were the first of the Olympians), Uranus (father of Kronos), Rhea (mother of Zeus, goddess of the Earth, mountains and forests), Oceanus (husband of Tethys and produced the rivers and the three thousand ocean nymphs), Tethys, Hyperion (Titan of Light, father of the sun, moon, and the dawn), Mnemosyne (Titan of memory and mother of the Muses), Themis (Titan of justice and order, the mother of the Fates and the Seasons), Iapetus (father of Prometheus, Epimetheus and Atlas), Coeus (Titan of Intelligence, father of Leto), Crius, Phoebe (Titan of the moon, mother of Leto), Thea, Prometheus (Wisest Titan, creator of man, name means â€Å"Forethought,† The only Titan not sent to Tartarus), Epimetheus (Dumbest of Titans, name means â€Å"Afterthought,† accepted Pandora from Zeus, which brought ills and sorrows into the world), Atlas (Lead the Titans into battle), and Metis. In time the Olympians became power-hungry and challenged the Titans in a battle to rule the universe. Zeus, who led the Olympians, defeated his father Kronos and sent the Titans away to Tartarus where they were imprisoned in darkness for eternity. Among the Titans in Tartarus were Otus Ephialtes, Ixion and the Lapithes, Sisyphus, Tantalus, the Cyclopes, and the Hecatonchires. Otus and Ephialtes were two giants who warred with the Titans against the Olympians. They tried to reach heaven to overthrow the Olympians by piling Mount Ossa on Mount Olympus and Mount Pelion on Mount Ossa. Ixion was King of the Lapithes and is also called the â€Å"first human to spill the blood of a relative†. He murdered his father-in-law to avoid paying a price for his bride. When no one on Earth would purify him, Zeus took Ixion to Olympus and purified him. While there Ixion tried to seduce Zeus’s wife Hera, but Zeus created a phantom of her and by it Ixion became the father of the Centaurs. As punishment for his sinful act, Ixion was chained eternally to a revolving, fiery wheel in Tartarus. The Lapithes were a fierce people of Thessaly, known for the battle with the centaurs, which resulted in the complete destruction of the Centaurs and the exile of the Lapithes to Tartarus. Sisyphus was renowned for his cunning and was said to have even outwitted Death. For his disrespect to Zeus, he was condemned to push a heavy rock to the top of a steep hill in Tartarus for eternity, where it would always roll down only for him to push back up. Tantalus was the King of Sipylos, the son of Zeus and father of Pelops and Niobe. He was admitted to the society of the gods, but his repulsive behavior provoked their anger, and Zeus damned him to suffer eternally in Tartarus. One legend says that he had divulged divine secrets and stolen the gods’ sacred food. Another tells that he had murdered his son Pelops and served his body to the gods to test their intuition. As punishment he was immersed up to his neck in cool water, which disappeared whenever he tried to satisfy his thirst, and the fresh fruits, which hung above him leapt up when he attempted to take a bite. The Cyclopes were sons of Uranus and Gaea, and they were Arges, Brontes, and Steropes. They were giant beings with a single, round eye in the middle of their foreheads. They were so strong they could move mountains with their bare hands. In the battle between the Titans and the Olympians, the Cyclopes were overpowered by the Titan giants and were locked away in Tartarus. Years later, Zeus had found them one day visiting and smuggled in five jars of nectar, which refreshed them. Zeus then set them up with a prison workshop, including forge. Here they put together a helmet of invisibility for Hades, a missile trident for Poseidon and a stock of thunderbolts. Lastly, there were the Hecatonchires. They were the sons of Gaea and Uranus, and their names are Cottus, Briareus, and Gyges. They were stronger, more overbearing and fierce than the mighty Cyclopes. They had one hundred arms and fifty heads, a truly awesome yet horrifying sight. Their father Uranus was so disgusted, he cast them into Tartarus. Though it is the lowest, darkest and most evil place in Greek mythology, I found Tartarus to be very interesting and mysterious to study about. In today’s society, some believe that there are only two places in which your soul can travel to, Heaven or Hell. But in Greek mythology, your soul can be sent to one of three. To them, the afterlife was just as important as their mortal life on Earth. Research Papers on Tartaros - A Place of Ultimate PunishmentThe Gnostic JesusThe Damnable Life of FaustBooker T. Washington, W.E.B. Du Bois, Ida B. Wells-BarnettJoel Kovel’s The Enemy of NatureLegalization of Same Sex MarriagesCritical Analysis of HamletThe Rise and Fall of Napoleon BonaparteEmmett Till BiographyThe Broken FamilyFalse Advertising

White Noise Process Definition

White Noise Process Definition The term white noise in economics is derivative of its meaning in mathematics and in acoustics. To understand the economic significance of white noise, its helpful to look at its mathematical definition first.   White Noise in Mathematics Youve very probably heard white noise, either in a physics lab or, perhaps, at a sound check. Its that constant rushing noise like a waterfall. At times you may imagine youre hearing voices or pitches, but they only last an instant and in reality, you soon realize, the sound never varies.   One math encyclopedia defines white noise as A generalized  stationary stochastic process  Ã‚  with constant  spectral density. At first glance, this seems less helpful than daunting. Breaking it down into its parts, however, can be illuminating.   What is a stationary stochastic process? Stochastic means random, so a stationary stochastic process is a process that is both random and never varying its always random in the same way. A stationary stochastic process with constant spectral density is, to consider an acoustic example, a random conglomeration of pitches every possible pitch, in fact which is always perfectly random, not favoring one pitch or pitch area over another.   In more mathematical terms, we say that the nature of the random distribution of pitches in white noise is that the probability of any one pitch is no greater or less than the probability of another. Thus, we can analyze white noise statistically, but we cant say with any certainty when a given pitch may occur.   White Noise in Economics in the Stock Market White noise in economics means exactly the same thing. White noise is a random collection of variables that are uncorrelated. The presence or absence of any given phenomenon has no causal relationship with any other phenomenon.    The prevalence of white noise in economics is often underestimated by investors, who often ascribe meaning to events that purport to be predictive when in reality they are uncorrelated. A brief perusal of web articles on the direction of the stock market will indicate each writers great confidence in the future direction of the market, beginning with what will happen tomorrow to long-range estimates.   In fact, many statistical studies of the stock markets have concluded that although the direction of the market may not be entirely random, its present and future directions are very weakly correlated, with, according to one famous study by future Nobel Laureate economist Eugene Fama, a correlation of less than 0.05. To use an analogy from acoustics, the distribution may not be white noise exactly, but more like a focused kind of noise called pink noise. In other instances related to market behavior, investors have what is nearly the opposite problem: they want statistically uncorrelated investments to diversify portfolios, but such uncorrelated investments are difficult, perhaps close to impossible to find as world markets become more and more interconnected. Traditionally, brokers recommend ideal portfolio percentages in domestic and foreign stocks, further diversification into stocks in large economies and small economies and different market sectors, but in the late 20th and early 21st centuries, asset classes that were supposed to have highly uncorrelated results have proven to be correlated after all.

How much of the United Kingdom's energy needs could be covered by Essay

How much of the United Kingdom's energy needs could be covered by renewable energy sources in 25 years - Essay Example Renewable energy is energy that relies on sources and natural energy flow from the environment, which never run out because of continuous replenishment. UK has the world’s largest resources for renewable energy such as wind, tides, waves, and therefore, it is in a good position when it comes to natural energy resources. Shifting to renewable energy is not only essential for stopping fossil energy imports, but it will also create an avenue for exporting natural based energy to other countries with limited supply of natural energy. In addition, increasing focus on environmentally friendly energy also prompts UK to switch to renewable energy sources. This aims at limiting the effects of climate change, and protecting environment from degradation, thus, preserving it for the generations to come. The success of venturing into renewable energy depends on environmental economic and political factors. Overview of Renewable Energy Sources in the United Kingdom Renewable energy currentl y supplies a significant of part of the UK’s energy demands. ... be because renewable energy sources are expensive, for example, the Energy Minister himself, George Eustice, recently made a comment saying solar and wind power subsidies are too high to benefit consumers (Mason, 2013). This among other challenges is preventing renewable energy sources become the primary source of energy production. Plans are underway to attain a 30 percent target of renewable energy by 2020 in the United Kingdom, which is quite achievable given the advancements in technology and rich sources of renewable energy. Below are the primary sources of renewable energy in the United Kingdom and there sources of application. Wind Power Wind power is energy generated using wind turbines fixed in the windy regions especially the countryside. The amount of wind power therefore depends on the availability of acceptable sites. Currently, winds turbines are set up in several places including Wales, Scotland, Yorkshire, and Cornwall. The primary application of wind power is the gen eration of wind related electricity, in which it currently provides for 20% of electricity requirements in the country. In 2010, there were a number of significant wind related projects in the UK with Sands, Gunfleet, Thanet and Robin Rigg, which are offshore wind farms. As a result, this saw a 1.1 GW power capacity from the new wind, which is a 3% increase compared to 2009 data (Gifford, 2012). Furthermore, offshore installations increased to 230% with 653 MW though with 503W it reduced by 38%. Similarly, 2013 has seen great improvements recording 10GW by mid-2013, and UK being the eighth largest producer of wind power in the world, there is great expectation of growth with respect to its wind power capacity (DUKES, 2013). Furthermore, current estimates stands at 2 GW increase in wind